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Paper 2 · Business Laws

Relations Of Partners – Chapter Notes

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Summary Infographic

Relations of Partners — Memory Map

The partnership deed governs first; where it is silent, the Indian Partnership Act supplies the rights and duties.
1. General Duties
  • Act for greatest common advantage.
  • Be just and faithful.
  • Render true accounts.
  • Give full information.
2. Duty to Indemnify
  • Partner indemnifies firm for loss caused by fraud.
  • Firm indemnifies partner for proper acts and emergency acts.
3. Conduct of Business
  • Every partner may participate.
  • Ordinary matters by majority.
  • Change in nature of business requires consent of all.
4. Accounts and Property
  • Partners may inspect books.
  • Firm property must be used for business.
  • Secret profits must be accounted for.
5. Remuneration and Interest
  • No remuneration unless agreed.
  • Interest on capital only from profits.
  • Interest on advances usually payable at statutory rate, subject to agreement.
6. Profit and Loss
  • Equal sharing unless agreed otherwise.
  • Losses follow profit-sharing ratio unless agreed.
7. Authority of Partner
  • Implied authority covers usual acts of business.
  • Restrictions may bind partners internally.
  • Third-party protection depends on notice.
8. Admission and Retirement
  • New partner requires consent of all.
  • Retiring partner remains liable until public notice for future acts.
9. Transfer and Expulsion
  • Transferee gets economic interest, not management rights.
  • Expulsion valid only under deed, good faith and proper procedure.
Core Memory: Deed first; Act next. Mutual trust, disclosure and good faith govern the internal relationship.